What Is Prostate Artery Embolization (PAE)?
If you are experiencing urinary issues due to an enlarged prostate, you may have heard of a procedure called Prostate Artery Embolization or PAE. This minimally invasive treatment is gaining attention as a non-surgical option for men living with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)—a condition that becomes increasingly common with age.
Below, we break down how PAE works, who it can help and what to expect during and after the procedure.
Understanding BPH and How PAE Helps
BPH is a condition where the prostate gland gradually enlarges, putting pressure on the urethra and bladder. This can lead to symptoms like frequent urination, weak urine flow, difficulty starting or stopping and even urinary retention.
Prostate Artery Embolization targets the problem at the source: by reducing blood flow to the enlarged prostate, the gland gradually shrinks, easing pressure on surrounding structures and improving urinary symptoms.
How PAE Works
The PAE procedure is performed by a specialized doctor known as an interventional radiologist. Here's a step-by-step look at what happens:
- Access: A tiny incision is made, typically in the groin or wrist, where a catheter (a thin, flexible tube) is inserted into a blood vessel.
- Navigation: Using real-time X-ray imaging (fluoroscopy), the catheter is carefully guided through the vascular system to reach the arteries that supply the prostate.
- Embolization: Once in place, microscopic beads—called embolic agents—are injected through the catheter. These beads block blood flow to the prostate, depriving it of nutrients and oxygen.
- Shrinkage and Relief: Over time, reduced blood supply causes the prostate to shrink. As it does, urinary symptoms typically improve significantly.
What Are the Benefits of PAE?
PAE offers a range of advantages, especially for men looking to avoid traditional surgery.
- Minimally Invasive: Only a small puncture is needed, meaning no large incisions or general anesthesia.
- Outpatient Procedure: Most patients are able to return home the same day.
- Quick Recovery: Many resume light activity within a few days, with full symptom relief appearing gradually over weeks or months.
- Lower Risk of Sexual Side Effects: Compared to surgery, PAE carries a much lower risk of issues like erectile dysfunction or retrograde ejaculation.
- No Foley Catheter Required: In most cases, there’s no need for an indwelling catheter post-procedure.
Who Is a Candidate for PAE?
Prostate artery embolization may be an ideal solution for men who:
- Experience moderate to severe BPH symptoms
- Have not responded well to medication
- Wish to avoid surgery or are not surgical candidates due to other health issues
- Are looking for a less invasive alternative with fewer side effects
It's essential to consult with both a urologist and interventional radiologist to determine if PAE is right for your specific condition.
- Have not responded well to medication
- Wish to avoid surgery or are not surgical candidates due to other health issues
- Are looking for a less invasive alternative with fewer side effects
It's essential to consult with both a urologist and interventional radiologist to determine if PAE is right for your specific condition.
What to Expect After the Procedure
Although recovery is generally smooth, it's normal for symptom relief to take several weeks to months, as the prostate gradually shrinks. Most men are back to normal activities within a few days.
Possible Side Effects
As with any medical treatment, there are some risks to consider. These are typically mild and temporary.
- Post-PAE Syndrome: May include fatigue, nausea, pelvic discomfort, low-grade fever or frequent urination.
- Bruising or bleeding: At the catheter insertion site.
- Bladder spasms or mild discomfort: As the prostate begins to shrink.
- Rare complications: For example, non-targeted embolization, which can affect surrounding tissues.
Is PAE Right for You?
Every patient is different, and while PAE has helped many men find relief from BPH symptoms, it’s not the best fit for everyone. A thorough evaluation—including medical history, imaging and lab tests—can help determine if you are a candidate.
Reclaim Your Comfort and Confidence
Prostate artery embolization provides a less invasive option for men seeking an alternative to conventional prostate surgery. With fewer side effects, quicker recovery and strong symptom relief, it’s becoming an increasingly popular choice for managing BPH.
If you’re dealing with urinary symptoms and want to explore non-surgical options, talk to your doctor about whether PAE might be right for you.
Disclaimer: The information in this post is intended for general educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult a qualified healthcare provider for personalized diagnosis and treatment recommendations.