Understanding Lower Back Pain and Sciatica

Lower back pain is a common issue that affects millions of people worldwide. While many causes exist, one of the more painful and debilitating conditions is sciatica. Sciatica happens when the sciatic nerve, which extends from the lower back to the legs, is pinched or aggravated. This can result in sharp pain, tingling or numbness that radiates from the lower back to the legs.

What is Sciatica?

Sciatica is a condition caused by the irritation or impingement of the sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve is the longest nerve in the body, starting from the lower spine and extending down through the hips, buttocks and legs. When this nerve is compressed by a herniated disc, bone spur or narrowing of the spine, it can cause severe discomfort and pain, typically felt on one side of the body. Common symptoms include sharp or shooting pain, weakness in the leg and difficulty standing or sitting for long periods.

Using an MRI for Sciatica

An MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is often used to diagnose sciatica, especially when other tests fail to identify the underlying cause. Unlike X-rays, MRIs can show detailed images of soft tissues, including muscles, nerves and discs. This makes them a powerful tool for locating the exact source of sciatic pain, whether it's a herniated disc, spinal stenosis or another issue compressing the nerve.

X-Rays and CT Scans for Sciatica

While X-rays and CT scans are useful for detecting bone abnormalities, they may not be as effective as an MRI in diagnosing the specific causes of sciatica. X-rays can show bone fractures, while CT scans provide a more detailed image of the bones and soft tissues. However, if a herniated disc or nerve issue is suspected, a doctor may still recommend an MRI for a clearer diagnosis.

Diagnosing Sciatica

Diagnosing sciatica typically involves a combination of physical exams and imaging tests. A doctor will begin by assessing your symptoms, such as pain, numbness and muscle weakness. They may also perform a straight-leg raise test to see if the pain radiates down your leg. If sciatica is suspected, additional imaging tests like an MRI, CT scan or X-ray may be ordered to determine the exact cause of nerve compression.

If you or someone you care for is suffering from lower back pain, talk to your doctor or call DRI at 336.433.5000.